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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

读懂新年贺词中的“奋斗密码”******

　　旧岁已展千重锦，新年再进百尺杆。习近平主席在2023年新年前夕，发表了温暖明亮、直抵人心的新年贺词。透过新年贺词，我们可以从“年终盘点”中找寻奋斗的身影，从“频频金句”中感受时代的温度，更能从“惦念嘱托”中获取奋斗的“密码”。胜利属于奋斗者，星光不负赶路人，广大党员干部群众当从新年贺词出发，瞄准未来中国的美丽图景，用奋斗的姿态走好新的赶考之路。

　　勇担奋斗之责。2022年是极不平凡的一年，我们看到了“上天、入地、下海”的科技之美，看到了冰雪健儿奥运盛会上的竞技之美，看到了祖国广袤土地上硕果累累的丰收之美……这些“美丽画卷”的形成源于以习近平同志为核心的党中央的正确领导，源于广大党员干部群众追求美好生活的奋斗之力。党的二十大擘画了全面建设社会主义现代化国家、以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴的宏伟蓝图，吹响了奋进新征程的时代号角。光景越是美好、征途越是光明，越需要我们持续奋斗、勇毅前行，越需要我们争做“主人翁”，始终做到把自己摆进事业中，把责任扛在肩膀上，不断强化“强国有我”的奋斗担当，奋力把党的二十大绘就的蓝图变成现实，继续把中华民族伟大复兴的历史伟业推向前进。

　　砥砺奋斗之志。2022年是极具挑战的一年，但广大党员干部群众奋斗的志气没有消磨，攻坚的毅力没有减退，一幅幅平凡英雄的斗争光影令人难忘，“疫情要防住、经济要稳住、发展要安全”的要求在克难攻坚中得到落实，中国经济顶住压力、稳中求进。事实证明，志之所趋，无远弗届；志之所向，无坚不入。迈向新征程，风险与机遇同在、挑战与发展共存，我们须牢记习近平总书记“路虽远，行则将至；事虽难，做则必成”的殷殷嘱托，在伟大民族精神中汲取源源不断的斗争养分，不断涵养志气和毅力，以最饱满最昂扬的斗争姿态，把宏伟目标变为美好现实。

　　凝聚奋斗之力。独行者快，众行者远，正如习近平主席在新年贺词中提到的“14亿多中国人心往一处想、劲往一处使，同舟共济、众志成城，就没有干不成的事、迈不过的坎”。力量源于团结，团结来自人心，团结就是胜利。在过去一年里，我们忘不了“天使白”“守护蓝”“志愿红”以团结之力抗击疫情，忘不了党政军民团结一心抢险救灾，也忘不了冬奥会上冰雪健儿传递出“更团结”的心愿……在以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴的新征程上，每个人都不是“孤勇者”，都是参与者、书写者、奋斗者，只有心往一处想、劲往一处使，才能凝聚起战胜前进道路上各种风险挑战、打开事业发展新天地的磅礴力量。

　　走过泥泞，方知大道珍贵；历经风雨，更觉阳光美好。2023年如约而至，在新年贺词这首温暖的“新年序曲”之下，让我们勇担奋斗之责、砥砺奋斗之志、凝聚奋斗之力，去迎接明天更有力量、更有希望的中国！（张磊）

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）